Hammer crusher



G. w. BORTON 1,872,233

HAMMER GRUSHER ximg. 16, 1932.

2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed March 2l. 1930 qll/lll '16, 1932. G, w, Bom-0N1,872,233

I HAMMER CRUSHER Filed Marh 2l, 1930 2` Sheets-Sheet 2 Inventor GeorgeW.

by Atty.

Patented Aug. 16, 1932 Nir' STATES PATENT OFFICE GEORGE W. BORTON, OFLISBON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIG-NOR TO PENNSYLVANIA CRUSI'Im COMPANY, OFPHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK HAMMER CRUSHER iVApplication led March 21, 1930. Serial No. 437,921.

My invention relates to crushing apparatus of the hammer mill type,comprising a frame enclosing a hopper and a crushing chamber disposedbelow the same; a hammercarrying rotor movable within said crushingchamber, and a cage including screen bars through which the crushedmaterial is discharged. Y

One object of my invention is to provide a structure of this type with abreaker plate f pivotally hung from a point near the top of the hopperreceiving'the material to be crushed.

A further object of my invention is to provide a resilient backing orcushion for the high hung breaker plate designed to take thesliock ofthe crushing operation and' serving to prevent damage should uncrushablematerial in the form of tramp iron or the like be encountered.

A further object of my invention is to associate a sub-breaker platewith the main high hung breaker plate; such sub-breaker plate beingpivotally connected to or hung from the main breaker plate at a pointbelow Y the pivotal connection of the latter with the frame of theCrusher. The support for the sub-breaker plate may be substantiallyopposite the. axis of the rotor structure and in the same plane.

A further obj ect of my invention is to provide means whereby the highhung breaker plate with the sub-breaker plate may be adjusted toward andfrom the path of the hammers carried by the rotor structure.`

A further object of my inventionV is to provide means. which in someinstances may be carried by the traine ot' the high hung breaker plate,whereby the sub-breaker plate may be independently adjusted toward andfrom the hammer circle and with respect to the high hung` breaker platewhichnormally o'ccu ies a substantially fixed position.

A further object of my invention is to provide a short cage forsupporting the screen bars through which the crushed material may lAfurther object of my invention is to provide a. construction whereby thecage supporting the screen bars may be liungfroni the rod or shaftsupporting the sub-breaker plate. Y

- readily assembled and dismounted and/or adjusted when repairs-orchanges in the positionof the working parts are desired.

These and other features ofmy invention are more fully describedhereinafter; reference being had to the accompanying drawings, more orless diagrammatic in character. inA which: n

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of one form of hammer'crusher withinthe scope of my present invention.

Fig. 2 is a similar View illustrating modilied details of constructionWithin the scope of my invention. 1

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation taken on the line III-III, Fig. l,looking in the direction of the arrow a but omitting the rotorstructure7 and Fig. 4 is a view similar to Figs. 1 and 2 y illustratingfurther modifications within the scope of my invention.

In the drawings, l represents a portion of the frame of thek crushingstructure, having a suitable base la. The frame and base include andprovide a crushing chamber 2 and a hopper 3 initiallyreceiving thematerial to vbe crushed. Within the crushing chamber a rotor structureof usual type may be mounted; substantially similar to structures foundiii a number of my pending applications. In the present instance therotor structure may comprise a. shaft el, suitably jouriialed at Ithesides of the machine and carrying disks 4, supporting rods 4b, fromwhich hammers 4 are hung.

The side portions of the frame at one end of the structure `(to the leftin the present drawings) may be connected by a cross member 5 which alsoconstitutes the upper edge or rim of the hopper. Between the side mem-And'a still further object is to provide a v struct-ure of massiveproportions, simple in series ot removably mounted bars 1()b bers of thetrame and below the cross member 5, a breaker plate 6 is disposed; suchbreaker plate being preferably hung from a cross rod or shaft 6a, Whoseends may be mounted or journaled in said side members near the top ofthe same and preferably j ust below the connecting cross member 5. Thebreaker plate 6 may be faced with renewable wear members 6".

In the construction shown in Fig. 1, the breaker plate 6 is providedwith a rear flange 6, which may rest upon a ledge 1b of the base and beconnected thereto by a bolt (or bolts) 7. In the present instance, thisportion of the base is provided with a shoulder 1C and cushioning means,which may be in the form of rubber plates 8, may be interposedbetweensaid shoulder 1C and the back flange 6c, and such rubber platesmay be mounted upon and Y held in place by said bolt (or bolts) 7.

lith the main or high hung breaker plate I have associated a sub-breakerplate which may be pivotally hung from a rod or shaft 9, supported bythe main breaker plate. This sub-breaker plate, indicated at 10, mayinclude a wear surface 10a adjacent the main breaker plate andsubstantially continuous with the wear members of the same and followingtheir curvature. It may also carry a for cooperation with the hammers leof the rotor structure.V In some instances the bars 10b may be omittedand impertorate liners substituted therefor.

This sub-breaker plate is mounted for adjustment with respect to themain or high iung breaker plate, and for this purpose I may provide thelower portion of the back flange 6C of the main or high hung breakerplate with one o-r more enlarged portions 11, internally threaded andserving as nuts to receive screws 12; the ends of said screws beingrecessed and forming seats for the reception of rounded bossesl()ccarried by the sub-breaker plate. It desired the relation ot theseengaging parts may be reversed. In addition, the screw (or screws) 12and the sub-breaker plate may be connected together; a bolt (or bolts)14 being passed through these parts for such purpose.

The main or high hung breaker plate may be adjusted toward and from thehammer circle by employing a greater or less number of the rubber platesor shims 8, between the back flange 6c and the shoulder 1c of the baseframe. The sub-breaker plate is adjustable toward and from the hammercircle by actuating the screw or screws) 12. Then this latter adjustmenthas been effected the 'parts may be maintained in their adjusted.

positions by locking the bolt (or bolts) 14- by the nuts 14a. f

In the arrangement illustrated in Fig'. 2, which is substantially likethat shown in Fig.

1, the sub-breaker plate is also supported by the main breaker plate,and is adjustable with respect thereto. In this arrangement, however,the threaded portions 11a providing nuts receiving the adjusting screws12a are carried by a cross member 15 connecting the sides of the basetrame. The sub-breaker plate shown in Fig. 2 may be adjustedindependently ot the main or high hung breaker plate, or the latter maybe adjusted also at the same time; swinging en the cross shaft 6a. Itsuch adjustment of the main breaker plate is effected, it willnecessitate the placement of additional elastic plates or shims 8between the back flange 6C thereof and the shoulder 1b ot the basetrame. In other respects, the construction illustrated in Fig. 2, issubstantially like that illustrated in Fig. 1.

A cage or screen substantially of the type usually employed with hammerCrushers of this general type disposed at the bottom oi Ythe crushingchamber below the rotor structure. In the present instance it is shownas slightly shorter than usual and may comprise side members 16supporting series of grate bars 1? of suitable type. The side membersmay be pivotally hung from or supported by a shaft 16:1V suitablymounted in the sides of the base trame 1a and they may be connectedtogether at their opposite ends by cross members 16b and 16, betweenwhich the bars 17 are disposed. 'lo eect adjustment of the cage madeoit' such side members and the bars 17 with respect to the path ot thehammers, the end of said cage adjacent the cross-bar 16C may beconnected to suitable motion imparting means, such as crank arms 18carried by a shaft 19, by means ot links 18a; suitable gearing under thecontrol of a hand wheel 19a being operatively connected to said shaft19. Such adjustment of the cage or screen is desirable to compensate forwear on the grate bars 17 and the ends of the hammers 1"'.

The construction illustrated in Fig. 4:, is

Vsubstantially like that shown in Fig. 1, in

that the sub-breaker plate is supported by the main or high hung breakerplate and is adjustable with respect thereto. In this arrangement,however, the side members 16'1 supporting the grate bars 17 are extendedin length Yso as to be hung from the rod or shaft 9 supporting thesub-breaker plate. The opposite ends of these side members 16d may beconnected together by a cross member 16C. As the form of cageillustrated in Fig. 3 provides a greater number ot grate bars than theform illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the sub-breaker plate may omit thebars 101 and may be faced with wear members, as indicated at 10. In thisconstruction the cage or screen may be adjusted by a chain 20, passingover a sprocket wheel 20a, carried by the shaft 19;'suitable gearingunder the control of a hand wheel 19L being operatively connected tosaid sprocket wheel.

Sii)

It Will be understood, of course, that-While the main or higli hungbreaker plate is mainn tained substantially in a vfixed positionzdur ingthe crushing operation, it is pivotally hung from the cross shaft 6 andis capable formillustrated in Fig. 2, adjustment of said main breakerplate may be effected by movement of the screwsl?.a ino'eiativeenffao'enient Withv the sub-breaker plate structurelO. In allinstances When the main breaker plate is adjusted toward the pathof thehammers,

it will be necessary to insert additional elastic or resilient plates orshims- 8. These plates may be of rubber-and they serve to materiallyreduce the shock of the `crushing action.

When the hammers vare unduly worn fresh hammers may be provided, andadjustment of the main and sub-breaker plates, as Well as adjustment ofthe cage or screen is designedto take care of the initial Wear on thehammer ends, as Well vas Wear that may be occasioned upon the surface ofsaid high hung breaker plate, or the bars of kthe subbreakereplate, orthose of the cagek or screen.`

The Wear plates 6b, Which may be secured to the main breaker plate inany appropriate manner, as Well as those shown at 10d, Fig. 4t, arerenewable when Wornl and their surface contour is preferably curved tomeet the arc of the cage or screen forming the lOWeiportion of thecrushing chamber.

A tramp iron pocket may be arranged at the side or end of themachineopposite the main breaker plate, just beyond the discharge end ofthe cage or screen; the frame being recessed at 21 for thepurpose and aVcross member ld of the frameproviding a shelf upon which such tramp*iron may be. delivered. An openingQQ leading to the.

tramp iron pocket may be Closed by afdoor 22a. Y

In some instances it may be desirable to omit the bars 17 of the cageor` screen and arrange abreaker plate at the far end of the i crushingchamber, (to the right of the struc-v tures illustrated in Figs. 1, 2and 4), against which the material being crushed may beJ hurled by thehammers; the force ofv such action continuing the breaking eifect andinsuring the reduction of the material being treated to thedesiredextent.

There are many friable materials of a particularly abrasive character;various siliceous rocks which fracture readily under inipact but have ahighly abradent effect upon the breaking surfaces of crushingapparatus,and require renewal of suchlbreaking.` surfaces atmore frequentintervals than niaterial that is harder to crush. My improved apparatusis especially applicable to the crushing of material of this kindinasmuch as the parts subject to wear may be readily adjusted tocompensate for such Wear and easily renewed When unduly Worn.

yIt Will be evident from the foregoing description ,that simple andefficient means have been'provided for accomplishing the objects of theinvention,- and while the struc tures shownand described are Welladapted to serve the purposes for which they are intended, it is tobeunderstood that the inven`v tion is not limited to the preciseconstruction set/forth, but includessuch changes and modifications asmay be made Within the scope of the-appended claims.

I claim:

`l. In a hammer crusher, the combination of va .frame providing aVcrushing cham-rv ber, a rotor structure carrying hammers mountedtherein, a breaker plate forming one iva-llv of the crushing chamber andpivotally supported inthe upper'portioii of the frame lWell above thehammer circle, means for adjusting saidbreaker plate toward and fromzthe same, and a resilient backing for said breaker plate comprising aplurality of rub- Jer plates dotachably supported behind saidv breakerplate.

2. In a-liaminer crusher, the combination 0f a frame providing acrushing chamber, a

.rotor structure carryinghammers mounted suh-breaker plate pivotallyhung from the main breaker plate.

3.4 In a hammer crusher, the combination of a frame providing a crushingchamber, arotor structure. carrying hammers mounted therein, a breakerplate pivotally supported in tlieupper portion of the frame and formingone Wall of the crushing chamber, and an adjustable sub-breaker platepivotally hung ported in the upper portion of the frame and forming oneWall of the crushing chamber. a sub-breaker plate pivotally hung fromthe main breaker plate, and means for adjusting said sub-breaker platewith respect to the main breaker plate.

5. In ahammer crusher, the combination of a frame providing a crushingchamber, a rotor `structure carrying hammers mounted therein, a mainbreaker plate pivotally supported in the upper portion of the frame andforming one Wall of the crushing chamber, a sub-breaker plate pivotallyhung from the main breaker plate and having an active face following`the curve of the'niain breaker plate, and ymeans for adjust-ing saidsub-breaker plate with respect to the main breaker plate.V

6. In a hammer crusher, the combination of a trame providing a crushingchamber, a rotor structure. carrying hammers mounted therein, a breakerplate pivotally supported in the upper portion of the frame and formingone wall of the crushing chamber, a subbreaker plate pivotally hung fromthe main breaker plate, means Jfor adjusting the main breaker plate, andindependent means for adjusting said sub-breaker plate.

7. In a hammer crusher, the combination of a frame providing a crushingchamber, a rotor structure carrying hammers mounted therein, a breakerplate pivotally supported in the upper portion of the frame and formingone wall of the Ycrushing chamber, a subbreaker plate pivotally hungfrom the main breaker plate, and adjusting means carried by the mainbreaker plate for effecting movement of said sub-breaker plate withrespect to the main breaker plate.

8. In a hammer crusher, the combination of Va frame providing acrushingrchamber, a rotor structure. carrying hammers mounted therein, amain breaker plate pivotally supported in the upper portion of the frameand forming one wall of the crushing chamber, means for adjusting saidmain breaker plate toward and from the hammer circle, a sub-l breakerplate pivotally hung from the main breaker plate, and means for eectingadjustment of the sub-breaker plate with respect to said main breakerplate. Y

9. In a hammer crusher, the combination of a frame providing a crushingChamber, a rotor structure carrying hammers mounted therein, a mainbreaker plate pivotally supported in the upper portion of the frame andforming one wall of the crushing chamber, means for adjusting said mainbreaker plate toward and trom the hammer circle, a subbreaker platepivotally hung from the main breaker plate, and means carriedV by themain breaker plate for eifecting adjustment of the sub-breaker platewith respect thereto.

l0. In a hammer crusher, the combination of a frame providing a crushingchamber, a rotor structure carrying hammers mounted therein, a mainbreaker plate pivotally supported in the upper portion of the frame andforming one wall of the crushing chamber, a subbreaker plate pivotallyhung from the main breaker plate, adjusting screws for effectingadjustment of said sub-breaker plate with respect to the main breakerplate, and means for locking such adjusting screws.

1l. In a. hammer crusher, the combination of a frame providing acrushing chamber, a rotor structure carrying hammers mounted therein, amain breaker plate pivotally supported in the upper portion of the frameand forming one wall of the crushing chamber, a sub-breaker platepivotally hung from the main'breaker plate, adjusting screws carriedbythe lower portion of the main breaker plate for effecting adjustmentof said vsubbreaker plate with respect to the main breaker plate, andmeans for locking such adjusting screws. Y

l2. In a hammer crusher, the combination of a frame providing a crushingchamber, a rotor structure carrying hammers mounted therein, a cagehaving cross bars disposed below the rotor structure, a main breakerplate'pivotally supported in the upper part of the frame and extendingbelow the axialY plane of the rotor structure and forming one wall ofthe crushing chamber, and a subbreaker plate pivotally connected to saidmain breaker plate and disposed between the same and the bars of saidcage. Y

13. Ina hammer crusher, the combination of a frame providing a crushingchamber, a rotor structure carrying hammers mounted therein, a pivotallymounted cage having cross bars disposed below the rotor structure, amain breaker plate pivotally supported in the upper part of the rame'andextending below the axial plane of the rotor structure and forming onewall of the crushing chamber, and a sub-breaker plate pivotallyconnected to said main breaker plate and disposed between the same andthe bars of said cage.

14. In a hammer crusher, the combination of a frame providing a crushingchamber, a rotor structure carrying hammers mounted therein, a cagehaving cross bars disposed be low the rotor structure,'a breaker platepivotally supported in the upper part of the frame and forming one wallof the crushing chamber; said plate extending below the axial plane ofthe rotor structure, a subbreaker plate pivotally connected to the mainbreaker plate and disposed between the same and the bars of said cage,and means carried by the main breaker plate for adjusting saidsub-breaker plate with respect thereto.

15. In a hammer crusher, the combination of a frame providing a crushingchamber, a rotor structure carrying hammers mounted therein, a pivotallymounted cage having cross bars disposed below the rotor structure, abreaker plate pivotally supported in the upper part of the frame andforming one wall of the crushing chamber; said plate'extending below theaxial plane of the rotor structure, a sub-breaker plate pivotallyconnected to the main breaker plate and disposed between the same andthe bars of said cage, and means carried by the main breaker plate foradjusting said sub-breaker plate with respect thereto.

In witness whereof I have signed this speciication:

GEORGE WV. BORTON.

